一(yi)、用兆歐(ou)表檢(jian)測(ce)
此方法(fa)(fa)為傳(chuan)統路(lu)(lu)(lu)燈電纜(lan)故障檢測法(fa)(fa)。路(lu)(lu)(lu)燈線路(lu)(lu)(lu)的供電半徑一般在0.4-0.6km之(zhi)間(jian)(jian)，路(lu)(lu)(lu)燈間(jian)(jian)距為30-40m，整個(ge)線路(lu)(lu)(lu)似樹干(gan)狀，負荷(he)比較分散。要檢測電纜(lan)的相(xiang)間(jian)(jian)、對地絕緣(yuan)阻(zu)值，必(bi)須先將路(lu)(lu)(lu)燈負荷(he)切斷，然后選取中(zhong)間(jian)(jian)點斷開，用(yong)兆歐表逐相(xiang)進行(xing)相(xiang)間(jian)(jian)、對地絕緣(yuan)測試，用(yong)排除(chu)法(fa)(fa)來判斷故障點方向(xiang)。此法(fa)(fa)現已基本不用(yong)。
二、用鉗形(xing)電流表檢測
采用(yong)鉗形(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流表檢測路(lu)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜的(de)原(yuan)理是：通過重新恢(hui)復燒壞的(de)熔斷器(qi)，對路(lu)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜進行瞬間(jian)(jian)(2-3秒)送電(dian)(dian)(dian)(注：短時的(de)瞬間(jian)(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流不會使路(lu)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜迅速發熱，即(ji)不會對路(lu)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜造成新的(de)損傷)，根據故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)點(dian)至電(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流非常大，故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)點(dian)往下的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流小的(de)規律(lv)，當檢測到的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流值(zhi)(zhi)變(bian)成正常值(zhi)(zhi)時，則(ze)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流值(zhi)(zhi)為正常值(zhi)(zhi)的(de)燈(deng)(deng)(deng)位的(de)前一檔(dang)距即(ji)為故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)點(dian)所在處。
三(san)、用路燈電纜專(zhuan)用故障測試儀檢測
目前有一(yi)種集路燈電(dian)(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)路徑檢(jian)測(ce)、埋(mai)深(shen)測(ce)定(ding)和故(gu)障點(dian)定(ding)位(wei)三位(wei)一(yi)體的(de)儀(yi)(yi)器。這(zhe)一(yi)檢(jian)測(ce)儀(yi)(yi)體積(ji)小，放在手提工具箱里，重量輕，單人即可輕松操作(zuo)；由(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，無需220V電(dian)(dian)(dian)源，適合(he)野外作(zuo)業(ye)；電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)路徑查(cha)找、埋(mai)深(shen)、故(gu)障點(dian)定(ding)位(wei)同步完(wan)成，效率高，不(bu)受(shou)外界干(gan)擾；不(bu)受(shou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)地下情(qing)況(kuang)(分叉、接頭扭曲(qu)、繞圈)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)，象探地雷一(yi)樣，點(dian)對點(dian)去(qu)查(cha)找故(gu)障點(dian)，誤(wu)差以厘米(mi)計(ji)；不(bu)受(shou)地面情(qing)況(kuang)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)，如地磚、綠(lv)化帶(dai)、水泥面等。該(gai)檢(jian)測(ce)儀(yi)(yi)，由(you)(you)發(fa)射(she)(she)機(ji)和接收機(ji)組成，發(fa)射(she)(she)機(ji)可根據(ju)現場(chang)(chang)情(qing)況(kuang)，采用單頻發(fa)射(she)(she)或射(she)(she)頻發(fa)射(she)(she)(音頻適用于(yu)(yu)遠距(ju)離(li)，射(she)(she)頻適用于(yu)(yu)近(jin)距(ju)離(li)、有干(gan)擾的(de)場(chang)(chang)合(he))；接收機(ji)通過感(gan)應(ying)磁(ci)棒感(gan)應(ying)信號確定(ding)路燈電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)的(de)路徑及(ji)故(gu)障點(dian)，輕松操作(zuo)，對路燈電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)故(gu)障點(dian)進行精確定(ding)位(wei)。
